Arequipa, located in the shadow of three imposing volcanoes and blessed with a climate that feels like perpetual spring, captivates visitors from the moment they arrive. Affectionately known as the "White City," Arequipa exudes a timeless and unique charm with its gleaming colonial architecture crafted from white volcanic sillar stone.
Beyond its striking beauty, Arequipa is a place where history, culture, and gastronomy come together to create an experience unlike any other. As you walk through its cobblestone streets, you'll notice echoes of a rich past around every corner, whether it's in the grandiose churches that dominate the skyline or the historic mansions that tell stories from a bygone era.
Arequipa is more than just a time capsule; it is a thriving hub of activity where tradition and modernity coexist. The vibrant markets are brimming with local flavors, the plazas are alive with daily life energy, and the cuisine—oh, the cuisine!—is a sensory delight. From the savory delights of rocoto relleno to the comforting warmth of chupe de camarones, each dish tells a story about the region's rich culinary heritage.
Arequipa, is a destination that will leave an indelible mark on your heart, whether you are drawn to its ancient history, the vibrancy of its modern-day life, or the promise of unforgettable gastronomic adventures. This city invites you to explore, savor, and participate.
The White City of Peru
A City of Historical Significance
Arequipa was founded on August 15, 1540, by the Spanish conquistador Garcí Manuel de Carbajal and has deep historical roots. From 1835 to 1883, the city served as the capital of the young Peruvian Republic, and the grandeur of its colonial-era architecture reflects this. Arequipa's historic center, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, exemplifies the fusion of European and Andean traditions, with over 500 grand colonial houses that provide a glimpse into the past.
The city's strategic location, 630 miles southeast of Lima and near the Pacific Coast, enabled it to thrive as a link between the coast and Peru's interior.
The Influence of Volcanoes
Arequipa's historical center, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is a masterpiece of colonial architecture. The city's distinctive white buildings, made of the local volcanic stone known as "sillar," reflect a unique blend of European and Indigenous influences. Walking through the city's cobbled streets, visitors can explore more than 500 grand colonial-era houses, churches, and monasteries, transporting them back in time.
Its unique location, surrounded by the towering volcanoes Misti, Chachani, and Pichu Pichu, has had a significant impact on the city's history. The white volcanic stone, or "sillar," used in many of the city's buildings gives Arequipa its nickname, "The White City." This stone not only adds to the city's distinct aesthetic, but it also tells the story of its geological and cultural development.
5 Things to Do in Arequipa: A Guide for Every Traveler
1. Explore the Historic Center and Plaza de Armas
Arequipa's historic center, designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site, is a must-see for any visitor. Begin your journey at the Plaza de Armas, the city's heart, which is surrounded by stunning colonial-era buildings made of sillar, an iconic white volcanic stone. The Basilica Cathedral of Arequipa, a majestic 17th-century structure with elegant twin towers and a grand interior, serves as the plaza's centerpiece.
As you walk through the plaza, you'll notice charming cafés, bustling markets, and opportunities to observe local life. Visit the Iglesia de la Compañía, a Jesuit church known for its intricate carvings, and the Cloisters of the Compañía, a peaceful retreat with beautiful gardens.
2. Visit the Monasterio de Santa Catalina
The Monasterio de Santa Catalina is one of Arequipa's most recognizable landmarks. Founded in 1579, this sprawling convent spans over 20,000 square meters and is frequently referred to as a "city within a city." The complex is a maze of narrow streets, colorful walls, and secluded courtyards that offer a glimpse into the lives of the nuns who once lived in solitude.
The complex includes preserved living quarters, chapels, and kitchens for preparing traditional Arequipeño dishes. The vibrant colors of the wall's rich reds, blues, and whites stand out against the volcanic sillar stone, creating a visually stunning experience. Guided tours are available and highly recommended to fully understand the history and significance.
3. Visit the Museo Santuarios Andinos
For history buffs and those interested in Peru's ancient cultures, the Museo Santuarios Andinos is a wealth of information and artifacts. The museum is best known for housing the mummy of Juanita, also known as the "Ice Maiden." Juanita was a young Inca girl sacrificed on the summit of Mount Ampato over 500 years ago, and her body was miraculously preserved in ice.
The museum examines Inca rituals, beliefs, and the significance of human sacrifices in their culture. The exhibits include textiles, pottery, and ceremonial items discovered with Juanita. The guided tours are extremely informative, providing in-depth insights into the Inca civilization as well as the archaeological significance of Andean discoveries.
4. Hike the Colca Canyon
A visit to Arequipa would be incomplete without experiencing the natural wonders of the Colca Canyon, one of the world's deepest canyons, with depths of over 3,270 meters (10,730 feet). The canyon is about 3-4 hours from the city and has some of Peru's most breathtaking scenery. The journey to the canyon is an adventure in and of itself, passing through picturesque villages such as Chivay and allowing you to experience local culture and traditions.
The Colca Canyon is also known as the home of the Andean condor, one of the world's largest flying birds. At the Cruz del Cóndor viewpoint, you can watch these majestic birds soar gracefully over the canyon, a sight that draws visitors from around the world. For those who enjoy hiking, the Colca Canyon offers unparalleled opportunities to explore the rugged beauty of the Peruvian landscape.
5. Enjoy Arequipa's culinary delights.
Arequipa is widely regarded as Peru's culinary capital, and with good reason. The city's cuisine is a unique blend of indigenous and Spanish influences, with a wide range of flavors and dishes that are distinct from the rest of the country. To fully experience Arequipa's gastronomy, visit one of the city's traditional picanterías. These rustic eateries, often run by women who have inherited the business through generations, serve authentic Arequipeño dishes cooked over open fires and seasoned with locally grown herbs and spices.
Signature dishes include rocoto relleno, a spicy stuffed pepper; chupe de camarones, a rich shrimp soup; and adobo, a hearty pork stew marinated in chicha (fermented corn beer) and spices. Arequipa's burgeoning culinary scene includes restaurants like Chicha, owned by renowned Peruvian chef Gastón Acurio, which serve innovative dishes that honor the region's culinary heritage.
The Unique Flavors of Arequipa
Arequipa's cuisine reflects its rich history and cultural diversity. Unlike Lima's coastal flavors, Arequipa's cuisine combines Indigenous and Spanish influences to create hearty, rustic dishes. The city is famous for its picanterías, traditional restaurants where food is cooked over open fires and served in large portions.
Must-Try Dishes in Arequipa
- Rocoto Relleno: A spicy dish featuring rocoto peppers stuffed with a savory mixture of ground beef, cheese, and spices, then baked to perfection.
- Chupe de Camarones: A rich and flavorful shrimp chowder made with river shrimp, potatoes, corn, and a touch of ají, a local chili pepper.
- Ocopa: Sliced boiled potatoes served with a creamy, spicy sauce made from ají amarillo, huacatay (black mint), and peanuts.
- Adobo: A slow-cooked pork stew marinated in a sauce of chicha (a traditional corn beer), garlic, and spices, traditionally served on Sundays.
The Role of Picanterías
Picanterías are the heart of Arequipa's culinary culture. Originally called chicherías, these taverns from the 17th century served chicha de güiñapo, a pre-Columbian alcoholic beverage. Picanterías are known for their traditional stews, soups, and meats, often made with recipes passed down from generations. These establishments are typically run by women known as picanteras, who play an important role in preserving Arequipa's culinary traditions.
The New Wave of Arequipeño Cuisinee
While tradition is highly valued in Arequipa, a new generation of chefs is reimagining the city's culinary scene. Restaurants like Victoria Picantería Democrática and Chicha by Gastón Acurio combine traditional flavors with modern techniques, creating a dining experience that honors the past while anticipating the future.
Arequipa's Festivals: Celebrating Culture and Heritage
The Anniversary of Arequipa
Arequipa's vibrant culture is best appreciated during its anniversary celebrations in August. The city comes alive with parades, concerts, art exhibitions, and food fairs, culminating in the Corso de la Amistad, a grand parade that celebrates the region's rich cultural diversity. The anniversary celebrations reflect the city's pride in its heritage and are a must-see for all visitors.
Other Notable Festivals
- Fiesta de la Chicha: Celebrating Arequipa’s traditional corn beer, this festival features tastings, music, and dance performances.
- Mestizo Festival: A celebration of the region’s mestizo culture, blending Indigenous and Spanish traditions through food, music, and art.
- FestiSabores: A gastronomic festival that brings together the best of Arequipa’s culinary offerings, from street food to gourmet dishes.
Arequipa is more than just a destination; it's an experience that encapsulates Peru's diverse cultural tapestry. Arequipa invites you to immerse yourself in its timeless charm by exploring its historic streets, savoring its unique cuisine, or participating in its vibrant festivals. Arequipa is a must-see destination for those looking for a trip that combines history, culture, and gastronomy.
Are you ready to explore Arequipa's unique blend of history and culture? Book a tour with Peruvian Sunrise today and let us show you around the White City's most famous landmarks and culinary treasures. Visit our website to learn more about our custom itineraries and begin planning your unforgettable adventure in Arequipa!
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